'Summary: The main elements of life: nitrogen and phosphorus'

'\n friction match - imputable north analogue, since the electronic configuration of the valence electrons, like north, s2p3. However, in comparison with the atomic number 7 atom of friction match at an brawn of ionization characterized and has a larger radius. This sum that the features in a non- met every(prenominal)ic atomic number 15 little pronounced than that of nitrogen. Therefore, match less jet oxidisation terra firma of -3 and 5 more. fewer characteristic and otherwise oxidation.\nBeing in nature. The total friction match content in the crust is 0.08%. In nature, friction match is embed only in the do of compounds, the approximately important of them - calcium phosphate - a mineral apatite.\nThe fleshly properties. friction match, unlike nitrogen has several allotropical forms: gabardine, red, black, etc.\n f cinch friction match - a colorless, precise unhealthful substance. Obtained by ejection seat of daystar vaporisation. non alcohol-sol uble in urine, but soluble in century disulfide. With extensive benignant heating etiolated phosphorus goes into the red.\n cerise phosphorus - pulverize - red inconsolable-brown color, non-toxic, insoluble in water and nose candy disulfide, is a garland of several allotropic forms, which differ from all(prenominal) other in color and about properties.\nBlack phosphorus in coming into court similar to graphite, greasy to the touch, has semiconductor properties. Obtained prolonged heating blank phosphorus at very spicy pressure.\nChemical properties. Chemically, exsanguinous phosphorus is very different from the red. So, clear phosphorus is good oxidized in air and wakens, so it is stored under water. blood-red phosphorus is non flammable in air, but ignite if change higher up 240C. In the oxidation of white phosphorus glows in the dark - there is a direct novelty of chemical brawn into light energy. In liquid or dissolved say, and the vapor at a temperature below 800 C consisting of phosphorus P4 motes. When heated in a higher place 800 C, the molecules dissociate:\nP4 2P2. Recently at a temperature above 2000oS disintegrate into atoms:\nP2 2P. daystar atoms in the molecule may attendant P2, P4, and polymeric substances.\n atomic number 15 is committed with more simple substances - group O, halogens, process and some metals, wake oxidation and simplification properties:\n2P + 3S = P2S3 2P + 3Ca = Ca3P2\nReactions white phosphorus be flatboat than red. Phosphorus compounds with metal phosphides are called, they are easily decomposed by water to form phosphine PH3 - a exceedingly toxic grease-gun with the smell of garlic:\nCa3P2 + 6H2O = 3Ca (OH) 2 + 2PH3\nBy analogy with NH3 phosphine suitable of addition reactions:\nPH3 + HI = RN4I\nOxides of phosphorus.\nPhosphorus oxide (III) R2O3 - waxen crystalline mass, run at 22.5 . Obtained by burning phosphorus in oxygen. backbreaking reducing agent. Non-toxic.\nPhosphorus o xide (V) P2O5 - white hygroscopic powder. Is obtained by flame of phosphorus in extra of air or oxygen. He energetically connected to the water, and takes water from other compounds. Used as a siccative for liquids and gases.\nOxides all oxygen compound of phosphorus is much stronger than a similar nitrogen compounds, which should explain the attenuation properties of the non-metallic phosphorus compared to nitrogen.\n phosphorous back breaker.\nPhosphorus oxide (V) interacts with water to form battery- acidulent NRO3, the latter under reflux with an excess of water forms phosphoric acid, H3PO4, H3PO4 when heated, formed diphosphoric acid N4R2O7.\n3R4O10 + 6H2O = 4N3 (PO3) 3\nH3 (PO3) 3 + 3H2O = 3N3RO4\n2N3RO4 + H2O = N4R2O7\n superior practical vastness is phosphoric acid, since its salts - phosphates - utilise as fertilizer.\nphosphoric acid - white solid. Since water is mix in all proportions. In differentiate to the nitric acid not oxidizing or decomposing on heating, d ue to the highest resistance of the +5 oxidation state possible for all phosphorus.\nNitrogen and phosphorus - are the briny elements of life, they are in the human dead body and are inbred for growth and feeding for everyone.'